Instalação do Oracle 12c no Oracle Linux 7, se atentarem nas observações abaixo:
- Variáveis: Acertar conforme seu ambiente o “.bashrc” e scripts de “startup.sh”, “shutdown.sh” e “dbora.service”, e dar atenção em todos detalhes, inclusive no final da ORACLE_BASE e ORACLE_HOME no “/” se tiver pode apresentar algum erro de sintaxe por estar duplicando a “/”.
- Hostname: Não esquecer de acertar o arquivos “hosts” e ficar atento nos locais que é colocado o hostname.
- Listener: Nome do serviço deve ser igual ao da Instância, caso esteja divergente pode ter os erros ORA-00119 e ORA-00132 [SQL> ORA-00119: invalid specification for system parameter LOCAL_LISTENER | syntax error or unresolved network name ‘NOME’]. (No vídeo coloquei divergente e tive o problema, mais um aprendizado pra conta)
1 – Preparação ambiente para instalação Oracle
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[root@srv01 ~]# yum -y update [root@srv01 ~]# setenforce Permissive [root@srv01 ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=permissive [root@srv01 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent [root@srv01 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload [root@srv01 ~]# vim /etc/fstab tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=3G 0 0 [root@srv01 ~]# mount -o remount tmpfs [root@srv01 ~]# vim /etc/hosts 192.168.200.13 srv01.labs.eti.br srv01 [root@srv01 ~]# yum -y install oracle-rdbms-server-12cR1-preinstall [root@srv01 ~]# less /etc/sysctl.conf [root@srv01 ~]# grep oracle /etc/passwd [root@srv01 ~]# mkdir /u01/ [root@srv01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oracle /u01/ |
2 – Download do pacote e instalação
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[oracle@srv01 ~]# cd /u01/ [oracle@srv01 ~]# wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle12c/121020/linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip [oracle@srv01 ~]# wget http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle12c/121020/linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip [oracle@srv01 ~]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip && unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip; [oracle@srv01 ~]# cd database/ [oracle@srv01 ~]# ./runInstaller |
3 – Criar configuração do Listener
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[oracle@srv01 ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin [oracle@srv01 ~]# ./netca |
4 – Criar Base de dados
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[oracle@srv01 ~]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin [oracle@srv01 ~]# ./dbca |
5 – Vídeo instalação
6 – Pós instalação, variáveis e unit systemd
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[root@srv01 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bashrc # Oracle export VISUAL="vim" export EDITOR="vim" export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=syserp export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/sbin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle # User specific aliases and functions alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus" alias vi="vim" [root@srv01 ~]# vim /lib/systemd/system/dbora.service [Unit] Description=The Oracle Database Service After=syslog.target network.target [Service] # systemd ignores PAM limits, so set any necessary limits in the service. # Not really a bug, but a feature. # https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=754285 LimitMEMLOCK=infinity LimitNOFILE=65535 Type=simple RemainAfterExit=yes User=oracle Group=oinstall ExecStart=/home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1 & ExecStop=/home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh >> /home/oracle/scripts/startup_shutdown.log 2>&1 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target [root@srv01 ~]# mkdir /home/oracle/scripts/ [root@srv01 ~]# vim /home/oracle/scripts/startup.sh #!/bin/bash export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=srv01.labs.eti.br export ORACLE_UNQNAME=srv01 export ORACLE_SID=syserp ORAENV_ASK=NO . oraenv ORAENV_ASK=YES # Start Listener lsnrctl start # Start Database sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF STARTUP; EXIT; EOF [root@srv01 ~]# vim /home/oracle/scripts/shutdown.sh #!/bin/bash export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=srv01.labs.eti.br export ORACLE_UNQNAME=srv01 export ORACLE_SID=syserp ORAENV_ASK=NO . oraenv ORAENV_ASK=YES # Stop Database sqlplus / as sysdba << EOF SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; EXIT; EOF # Stop Listener lsnrctl stop [root@srv01 ~]# chmod +x /home/oracle/scripts/* [root@srv01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/scripts/ [root@srv01 ~]# systemctl status dbora ● dbora.service - The Oracle Database Service Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbora.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: inactive (dead) [root@srv01 ~]# systemctl enable dbora Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dbora.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dbora.service. [root@srv01 ~]# systemctl stop dbora [root@srv01 ~]# systemctl start dbora [root@srv01 ~]# systemctl status dbora ● dbora.service - The Oracle Database Service Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dbora.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Sáb 2016-07-02 19:21:15 BRT; 7s ago |
7 – Listener
Listener é o serviço de rede do Oracle, ao qual abre conexão e roda na porta 1521/tcp por padrão, abaixo comando e arquivos para troubleshooting:
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[oracle@srv01 ~]$ lsnrctl status [oracle@srv01 ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora [oracle@srv01 ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora |
8 – Operações no banco
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# Modos de login sqlplus / as sysdba sqlplus sys as sysdba sqlplus system/senha@instancia # Iniciar instancia, verificar status, baixar SQL> startup; SQL> shutdown immediate SQL> select status from v$instance; SQL> select INSTANCE_NAME, status from v$instance; # Verificar arquivos Control File SQL> show parameter control; SQL> show parameter control_file; # Consultar local dos Datafiles SQL> set line 200; SQL> col name for a50; SQL> select FILE#, TS#, name from v$datafile; # Verificar status dos Redo Logs SQL> col member for a40; SQL> select GROUP#, STATUS, TYPE, MEMBER from v$logfile; # Pular de Redo Log SQL> alter system switch logfile; # Checar todos Redo Log e inativar SQL> alter system checkpoint; # Listar instâncias SQL> select sys_context('USERENV','INSTANCE_NAME') from dual; # Listar Databases SQL> SELECT NAME FROM v$database; |
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# Desbloquear usuario SQL> set line 200; SQL> col username for a50; SQL> select username, account_status from dba_users where ACCOUNT_STATUS LIKE '%EXPIRED%'; SQL> ALTER USER zabbix IDENTIFIED BY senha; SQL> ALTER USER zabbix ACCOUNT UNLOCK; |
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# RMAN # Logar no RMAN $ rman target / # Apagar archivelog $ RMAN> delete archivelog all; # Caso seja apagado via rm os archives deve ser executado o comando abaixo para acertar as referencias $ RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all; |
9 – Pacote rlwrap
O pacote “rlwrap” acerta o sqlplus para podemos trabalhar o histórico e maior facilidade no manuseio dentro dele:
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[root@srv01 ~]# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-7.noarch.rpm [root@srv01 ~]# rpm -ivh epel-release-7-7.noarch.rpm [root@srv01 ~]# yum -y install rlwrap [root@srv01 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bashrc alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus" |
10 – ADRCI Oracle
http://www.dba-oracle.com/t_linux_oracle_adr_directory.htm
14400 = minutos = 30 dias
720 = horas
8760 = horas
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[root@oracle]# su - oracle [oracle@oracle ~]$ adrci adrci> set home diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl adrci> select SHORTP_POLICY,LONGP_POLICY from ADR_CONTROL; adrci> set control (SHORTP_POLICY=168); adrci> set control (LONGP_POLICY=720); adrci> purge -age 14400 |